National foreword

This British Standard is the UK implementation of ISO 7176‑1:2014. It supersedes BS ISO 7176‑1:1999 which is withdrawn.

The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee CH/173/1, Wheelchairs.

A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its secretary.

This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application.

Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity from legal obligations.

This British Standard was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 31 October 2014.

Foreword

ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.

The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular the different approval criteria needed for the different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives).

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Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not constitute an endorsement.

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The committee responsible for this document is ISO/TC 173, Assistive products for persons with disability, Subcommittee SC 1, Wheelchairs.

This third edition cancels and replaces the second edition (ISO 7176‑1:1999), all clauses, sub-clauses, tables, figures, and annexes of which have been technically revised.

ISO 7176 consists of the following parts, under the general title Wheelchairs:

Part 1: Determination of static stability
Part 2: Determination of dynamic stability of electric wheelchairs
Part 3: Determination of effectiveness of brakes
Part 4: Energy consumption of electric wheelchairs and scooters for determination of theoretical distance range
Part 5: Determination of dimensions, mass and manoeuvring space
Part 6: Determination of maximum speed, acceleration and deceleration of electric wheelchairs
Part 7: Measurement of seating and wheel dimensions
Part 8: Requirements and test methods for static, impact and fatigue strengths
Part 9: Climatic tests for electric wheelchairs
Part 10: Determination of obstacle-climbing ability of electrically powered wheelchairs
Part 11: Test dummies
Part 13: Determination of coefficient of friction of test surfaces
Part 14: Power and control systems for electrically powered wheelchairs and scooters — Requirements and test methods
Part 15: Requirements for information disclosure, documentation and labelling
Part 16: Resistance to ignition of postural support devices
Part 19: Wheeled mobility devices for use as seats in motor vehicles
Part 21: Requirements and test methods for electromagnetic compatibility of electrically powered wheelchairs and scooters, and battery chargers
Part 22: Set-up procedures
Part 25: Batteries and chargers for powered wheelchairs
Part 26: Vocabulary
Part 28: Requirements and test methods for stair-climbing devices

A Technical Report (ISO/TR 13570‑1) is also available giving a simplified explanation of these parts of ISO 7176.

Introduction

It is important to know the static-stability characteristics of a wheelchair for prescription and adjustment purposes. Some occupants need large reserves of stability to ensure their safety while others prefer finely balanced wheelchairs which have better manoeuvrability. Static stability is only one factor affecting dynamic stability, others being the position of the wheelchair operator in the wheelchair, the skill of the wheelchair operator, the manner in which the wheelchair is propelled, and the environment in which the wheelchair is operated.

This part of ISO 7176 specifies tests in which static stability is measured with parking brake(s) applied, as is the case if the wheelchair is standing on a slope. Tests are also made with the wheels unlocked, simulating the situation where the wheelchair is standing on a slope with the wheels against obstacles, the situation on a level surface with the wheels unlocked and the wheelchair occupant reaching for an object, or instability while rolling. Tests are also made that determine the static stability of the wheelchair when it is protected against tipping over by a forward and/or rearward anti-tip device, and the effectiveness of those anti-tip devices if the wheelchair tips in that direction.

1 Scope

This part of ISO 7176 specifies test methods for determining the static stability of wheelchairs. It is applicable to manual and electrically powered wheelchairs, including scooters, with a maximum speed not greater than 15 km/h, intended to provide indoor and/or outdoor mobility for one disabled person whose mass is within the range represented by ISO 7176‑11.

For active stability-controlled wheelchairs, this part of ISO 7176 applies to the device in a stable, parked state.

This part of ISO 7176 provides a method for the measurement of the tipping angles (either wheelchair tipping angle or anti-tip device tipping angle), but this method is not applicable to wheelchairs with lateral anti-tip devices and does not consider sliding on the ground.

This part of ISO 7176 also includes requirements for test reports and information disclosure.

2 Normative references

3 Terms and definitions

4 Principles

4.1 Static stability

4.2 Effectiveness of anti-tip devices

5 Apparatus

5.1

5.2

5.3

5.4

5.5

5.6

5.7

5.8

6 Set-up procedure

7 General test procedure

8 Test for static stability in the forward direction

8.1 General

8.2 Wheels unlocked and the wheelchair in the least stable configuration

8.3 Downhill wheels locked and the wheelchair in the least stable configuration

8.4 Wheels unlocked and the wheelchair in the most stable configuration

8.5 Downhill wheels locked and the wheelchair in the most stable configuration

9 Test for static stability in the rearward direction

9.1 General

9.2 Wheels unlocked and the wheelchair in the least stable configuration

9.3 Wheels locked and the wheelchair in the least stable configuration

9.4 Wheels unlocked and the wheelchair in the most stable configuration

9.5 Wheels locked and the wheelchair in the most stable configuration

10 Test for static stability, lateral orientation

10.1 General

10.2 Wheelchair in the least stable configuration

10.3 Wheelchair in the most stable configuration

11 Test for static stability with forward or rearward anti-tip devices

11.1 General

11.2 Anti-tip devices in the least effective configuration

11.3 Anti-tip devices in the most effective configuration

11.4 Test for effectiveness of anti-tip devices

12 Test report

13 Information disclosure

BS ISO 7176-1:2014

Wheelchairs - Determination of static stability

Current, Under Review

Published:

31 Oct 2014