National foreword

This British Standard is the UK implementation of EN 13445‑1:2021. It supersedes BS EN 13445‑1:2014+A2:2018, which is withdrawn.

The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee PVE/1, Pressure Vessels.

A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its committee manager.

Contractual and legal considerations

This publication has been prepared in good faith, however no representation, warranty, assurance or undertaking (express or implied) is or will be made, and no responsibility or liability is or will be accepted by BSI in relation to the adequacy, accuracy, completeness or reasonableness of this publication. All and any such responsibility and liability is expressly disclaimed to the full extent permitted by the law.

This publication is provided as is, and is to be used at the recipient’s own risk.

The recipient is advised to consider seeking professional guidance with respect to its use of this publication.

This publication is not intended to constitute a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application.

This publication has been prepared under a mandate given to the European Standards Organizations by the European Commission and the European Free Trade Association and is intended to support essential requirements of the EU legislation detailed in the European foreword.

Annex ZA/ZZ describes how the publication relates to the legislation.

For the Great Britain market (England, Scotland and Wales), if the UK Government has designated this publication for conformity with UKCA marking legislation and has not amended the essential requirements of that legislation, Annex ZA/ZZ and any references to EU law in

the publication should be read in accordance with the designation as applying to UK legislation in the same way as to EU law. Further information on designated standards can be found at

www.bsigroup.com/standardsandregulation.

For the Northern Ireland market, UK law will continue to implement relevant EU law subject to periodic confirmation. References to EU legislation are therefore still valid.

More information on legislation can be found at www.gov.uk.

Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity from legal obligations.

This British Standard was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 31 May 2021.

This European Standard was approved by CEN on 24 February 2021.

CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN member.

This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versions.

CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Republic of North Macedonia, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and United Kingdom.

European foreword

This document (EN 13445‑1:2021) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 54 “Unfired pressure vessels”, the secretariat of which is held by BSI.

This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by November 2021, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by November 2021.

Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.

This document has been prepared under a standardization request given to CEN by the European Commission and the European Free Trade Association, and supports essential requirements of EU Directive(s).

For relationship with EU Directive(s), see informative Annex ZA, which is an integral part of this document.

The list of all parts in the EN 13445 series can be found on the CEN website.

Although these Parts may be obtained separately, it should be recognised that the Parts are inter-dependant. As such the manufacture of unfired pressure vessels requires the application of all the relevant Parts in order for the requirements of the Standard to be satisfactorily fulfilled.

Corrections to the standard interpretations where several options seem possible are conducted through the Migration Help Desk (MHD). Information related to the Help Desk can be found at http://www.unm.fr (en13445@unm.fr). A form for submitting questions can be downloaded from the link to the MHD website. After subject experts have agreed an answer, the answer will be communicated to the questioner. Corrected pages will be given specific issue number and issued by CEN according to CEN Rules. Interpretation sheets will be posted on the website of the MHD.

This document supersedes EN 13445‑1:2014. This new edition incorporates the Amendments which have been approved previously by CEN members, and the corrected pages up to Issue 5 without any further technical change. Annex Y provides details of significant technical changes between this European Standard and the previous edition.

Amendments to this new edition may be issued from time to time and then used immediately as alternatives to rules contained herein. It is intended to deliver a new Issue of EN 13445:2021 each year, starting with the precedent as Issue 1, consolidating these Amendments and including other identified corrections.

According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the United Kingdom.

Introduction

EN 13445 specifies the requirements for design, construction, inspection and testing of unfired pressure vessels. It defines terms, definitions and symbols applicable to unfired pressure vessels.

NOTE In EN 13445 the term pressure vessel includes the welded attachments up to and including the nozzle flanges, screwed or welded connections, or the edge to be welded at the first circumferential weld at connecting piping or other elements. The term unfired excludes vessels that are subject to direct generated heat or flame impingement from a fired process. This does not exclude vessels subject to electrical heating or heated process streams.

In Parts 2 to 5 only pressure vessels manufactured from steels and steel castings as detailed in Part 2 of this standard are covered. Parts 6, 8, and 10 specifically deal with vessels of spheroidal graphite cast iron, aluminium, and nickel, respectively, where special considerations apply.

Part 1

This part contains general information on the scope of the standard as well as terms, definitions, quantities, symbols and units which are applied throughout the standard.

Part 2

This part deals with the general philosophy on materials, material grouping and low temperature behaviour. It is limited to steel with sufficient ductility and, for components operating in the creep range, sufficient creep ductility.

Part 2 also provides the general requirements for establishing technical delivery conditions and the requirements for marking of material.

Part 3

This part of the standard gives the rules to be used for design and calculation under internal and/or external pressure (as applicable), local loads and actions other than pressure. The rules provided are both design by formulae (DBF), design by analysis (DBA) and design by experiment (DBE).

The part also sets the requirements for when fatigue analysis must be performed and the rules to be followed when this is the case.

NOTE Collaborative work is in hand to harmonize flange design across European standards.

Part 4

This part of the standard specifies requirements for the manufacture of unfired pressure vessels and their connections to non-pressure parts. It specifies requirements for material traceability, manufacturing tolerances, welding requirements, requirements for permanent joints other than welding, production tests, forming requirements, heat treatment, repairs and finishing operations.

Part 5

This part covers all those inspection and testing activities associated with the verification of the pressure vessel for compliance with the standard, including design review by the manufacturer and supporting technical documentation, NDT and other inspection activities including document control, material traceability, joint preparation and welding.

The level of testing is driven by the selection of the vessel testing group. Basically, the testing group determines the level of NDT and the joint coefficient used in the design.

In terms of NDT, the overall philosophy has been the general adoption of EN ISO 5817:2014 quality level 'C' for predominantly non-cyclic loaded vessels and level 'B' for vessels subject to cyclic loadings.

Part 6

This part contains special rules for material, design, fabrication, inspection, and testing of pressure vessels made from spheroidal graphite cast iron. In general the rules in the relevant parts of parts 2–5 apply with additions and exceptions outlined in this part.

Part 7

This part gives guidance on how to use the conformity assessment procedures in the Pressure Equipment Directive 97/23/EC. This is a CEN Technical Report.

Part 8

This part contains special rules for material, design, fabrication, inspection, and testing of pressure vessels made from aluminium and aluminium alloys. In general the rules in the relevant parts of parts 2– 5 apply with additions and exceptions outlined in this part.

Part 9

This part details the conformance of the whole EN 13445 series to ISO 16528-1 "Boilers and pressure vessels — Part 1: Performance requirements". This is a CEN Technical Report. The first edition is limited to vessels of steel construction, but will be amended later to include spheroidal graphite cast iron and aluminium.

Part 10

This part 10 contains special rules for material, design, fabrication, inspection, and testing of pressure vessels made from nickel and nickel alloys. In general, the rules in the relevant parts of parts 2–5 apply with additions and exceptions outlined in this part.

1 Scope

This document defines the terms, definitions, quantities, symbols and units that are used throughout the EN 13445 series and gives general information on the design and manufacturing of vessels under this standard.

It also contains instructions on how to use the standard (Annex A) as well as an index which covers the whole standard (Annex B). This information is aimed to aid users of the EN 13445 series.

This document applies to unfired pressure vessels with a maximum allowable pressure greater than 0,5 bar gauge but may be used for vessels operating at lower pressures, including vacuum.

This document is not applicable to pressure vessels of the following types:

vessels of riveted construction;
vessels of lamellar cast iron or any other materials not included in Parts 2, 6, or 8 of the standard;
multilayered, autofrettaged or pre-stressed vessels.

This document can be applied to the following pressure vessels, provided that account is taken of additional and/or alternative requirements resulting from the hazard analysis and from rules or instructions specific for:

transportable vessels;
items specifically designed for nuclear use;
pressure vessels with a risk of overheating.
NOTE EN 14222 covers electrically fired boilers made from stainless steel and can be used as an example of additional requirements for such vessels.

Other European standards apply to industrial piping (EN 13480 series) and to water tube and shell boilers (EN 12952 series and EN 12953 series).

2 Normative references

3 Terms and definitions

4 Interdependency of the parts of the series

5 Quantities, symbols and units

6 Risk assessment and handling

6.1 Hazards

6.2 Hazard removal and risk reduction

Bibliography

BS EN 13445-1:2021

Unfired pressure vessels - General

Current

Published:

31 May 2021