1 Scope
This British Standard specifies a design method for powered and non-powered axles
with inboard bearings for railway applications.
This standard:
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• specifies the forces and moments to be taken into account with reference to masses,
traction and braking conditions;
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• specifies the stress calculation method for axles with inboard axle journals;
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• specifies the maximum permissible stresses to be assumed in calculations for steel
grades EA1N, EA1T and EA4T as defined in BS EN 13261 and steel grades A1N and A1T as specified in BS 5892‑1;
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• specifies a method for determining the diameters for the various sections of the axle.
It also gives recommendations for the preferred shapes and transitions to ensure adequate
service performance.
This standard is applicable to:
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• solid and hollow powered axles for railway rolling stock;
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• solid and hollow non-powered axles of motor bogies;
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• solid and hollow non-powered axles of locomotives;
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• axles defined in BS EN 13261 and in BS 5892‑1;
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• UK standard gauge.
This standard is applicable to axles fitted to rolling stock intended to run under
normal UK mainline conditions. Before using this standard, if there is any doubt as
to whether the railway operating conditions are normal, it is necessary to determine
whether an additional design factor has to be applied to the maximum permissible stresses.
The calculation of wheelsets for special applications (e.g. tamping/lining/levelling
machines) may be made according to this standard only for the load cases of free-running
and running in train formation. This standard does not apply to workload cases. They
are calculated separately.