ISO/TS 23151 discusses standards for nanotechnologies and describes methods for the measurement of particle size distributions for cellulose nanocrystals using atomic force microscopy and transmission electron microscopy.
ISO/TS 23151 provides a protocol for the reproducible dispersion of the material using ultrasonication, as assessed using dynamic light scattering. Sample preparation for microscopy, image acquisition, and data analysis are included.
Cellulose nanomaterials, including cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) and cellulose nanofibrils, are anticipated to have a significant commercial impact. Estimates of the market potential for cellulosic nanomaterials are as high as 35 million metric tons annually, depending on the predicted applications and the estimated market penetration. Standards for characterization of CNCs are required for material certification to facilitate sustained commercial and applications development.
ISO/TS 23151 on nanotechnologies is applicable to-
Cellulose nanocrystals are produced from naturally occurring cellulose, primarily from wood pulps and annual plants, by acid hydrolysis. Their production from readily available cellulose sources makes them a candidate for use as a potentially non-toxic, biodegradable, and sustainable nanomaterial.
ISO/TS 23151 lays out method for reproducibly dispersing dry CNCs for preparation of microscopy samples provide image acquisition protocols for atomic force and transmission electron microscopy and summarize image analysis procedures for determining particle size distributions.
This also helps in assessing the robustness of data within one measurement and the repeatability and reproducibility of multiple measurements, particle size data to a reference model, and consensus values for multiple measurements.
ISO/TS 23151