1 Scope

The IEC 63382 series specifies the management of distributed energy storage systems, composed of electrically chargeable vehicle batteries (ECV-DESS), which are handled by an aggregator/flexibility operator (FO) to provide energy flexibility services to grid operators.

Aggregator and flexibility operator have the same meaning in the context of this document and represent the entity which aggregates a number of other network users (e.g. energy consumers, prosumers, DERs) bundling energy consumption or generation assets into manageable sizes for the energy system.

The aggregator/FO communicates with the charging station (CS) backend system, which is typically the system platform (HW, SW and HMI) of either a charging station operator (CSO), or a charging service provider (CSP).

The purpose of the data exchange is to perform flexibility services, and it takes place between the aggregator/FO and a dedicated interface located in the CS backend system, which has been defined FCSBE, flexibility port at the charging station backend.

This part of IEC 63382 describes the technical characteristics and architectures of ECV-DESS, including:

• EV charging stations configurations, comprising several AC-EVSEs and/or DC-EVSEs;

• individual EVs connected to grid via an EVSE and managed by an aggregator/FO.

The focus of this document is on the interface between the FO and the FCSBE and the data exchange at this interface, necessary to perform energy flexibility services (FS).

The FO/aggregator converts grid services and/or grid support functions requested by the grid operators (DSOs or TSOs) into multiple flexibility services to be provided by a number of CSs, utilizing their own optimization and resource allocation algorithms.

Communication between FO and grid operators (DSO, TSO), optimization algorithms adopted by FO, flexibility service bidding procedures are out of scope of this document.

The data exchange between FO and FCSBE typically includes:

• flexibility service request and response;

• flexibility services parameters;

• EV charging station configuration and technical capabilities;

• credentials check of parties involved in the flexibility service;

• FS execution related notifications;

• event log, detailed service record, proof of work.

The exchange of credentials has the purpose to identify, authenticate and authorize the actors involved in the flexibility service transaction, to check the validity of a FS contract and to verify the technical capabilities of the system EV + CS, and conformity to applicable technical standards to provide the requested flexibility service.

This document also describes the technical requirements of ECV-DESS, the use cases, the information exchange between the EV charging station operator (CSO) and the aggregator/FO, including both technical and business data.

It covers many aspects associated to the operation of ECV-DESS, including:

• privacy issues consequent to GDPR application (general data protection regulation);

• cybersecurity issues;

• grid code requirements, as set in national guidelines, to include ancillary services, mandatory functions and remunerated services;

• grid functions associated to V2G operation, including new services, as fast frequency response;

• authentication/authorization/transactions relative to charging sessions, including roaming, pricing and metering information;

• management of energy transfers and reporting, including information interchange, related to power/energy exchange, contractual data, metering data;

• demand response, as smart charging (V1G).

It makes a distinction between mandatory grid functions and market driven services, taking into account the functions which are embedded in the FW control of DER smart inverters.

This document deals with use cases, requirements and architectures of the ECV-DESSs with the associated EV charging stations.

Some classes of energy flexibility services (FS) have been identified and illustrated in dedicated use cases:

• following a dynamic setpoint from FO;

• automatic execution of a droop curve provided by FO, according to local measurements of frequency, voltage and power;

• demand response tasks, stimulated by price signals from FO;

• fast frequency response.

Furthermore, some other more specific flexibility service use cases include:

• V2G for tertiary control with reserve market;

• V2H with dynamic pricing linked to the wholesale market price;

• distribution grid congestion by EV charging and discharging.

FS are performed under flexibility service contracts (FSC) which can be stipulated between:

• FO and EV owner (EVU or EV fleet manager);

• FO and CSP;

• FO and CSO.

Any flexibility service is requested by the aggregator/FO with a flexibility service request (FSR) communicated through the FCSBE interface to the available resources.

The actors EVU, CSO, CSP have always the right to choose opt-in or opt-out options in case of a FSR, unless it is mandatory for safety or grid stability reasons.

A use case shows how to discover flexibility service contract (FSC) holders.

This document describes many use cases, some of them are dedicated to special applications such as as: EV service station, energy community, fast frequency response, EV fleet, onboard bidirectional inverter, mobile app.