Foreword

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This document was prepared by the European Committee for Standardization (CEN) (as EN 17306) and was adopted without modification other than those given below. It was assigned to, Technical Committee ISO/TC 28, Petroleum and related products, fuels and lubricants from natural or synthetic sources, and adopted under a special “fast‐track procedure”.

EN ISO references changed to ISO references;
"V/V" has been replaced with "volume fraction" throughout the text;
the note has been removed in the scope;
normative citation of Annex A added in 6.1;
normative citation of Annex B added in 13.1;
numbered lists have been introduced in A.1.3 and A.1.5 and subclause numbering updated accordingly.

Any feedback or questions on this document should be directed to the user’s national standards body. A complete listing of these bodies can be found at www.iso.org/members.html.

Introduction

The distillation (volatility) characteristics of hydrocarbons and other liquids have an important effect on their safety and performance, especially in the case of fuels and solvents. The boiling range gives information on the composition, the properties, and the behaviour of the fuel during storage and use. Volatility is the major determinant of the tendency of a hydrocarbon mixture to produce potentially explosive vapours.

The distillation characteristics are critically important for both automotive and aviation gasolines, affecting starting, warm-up and tendency to vapour lock at high operating temperature or at high altitude, or both. The presence of high boiling point components in these and other fuels can significantly affect the degree of formation of solid combustion deposits.

Distillation limits are often included in petroleum product specifications, in commercial contract agreements, process refinery/control applications, and for compliance to regulatory rules.

This test method can be applied to contaminated products or hydrocarbon mixtures. This is valuable for fast product quality screening, refining process monitoring, fuel adulteration control, or other purposes including use as a portable apparatus for field testing.

This document is at of the time of publication technically equivalent to ASTM D7345,^[1^] on which it is based.

This test method uses an automatic micro distillation apparatus, provides fast results using small sample volume, and eliminates much of the operator time and subjectivity in comparison to ISO 3405 or ASTM D1160.^[2^]

1 Scope

This document specifies a laboratory method for the determination of the distillation characteristics of light and middle distillates derived from petroleum and related products of synthetic or biological origin with initial boiling points above 20 °C and end-points below approximately 400 °C, at atmospheric pressure utilizing an automatic micro distillation apparatus.

This test method is applicable to such products as light and middle distillates, automotive spark-ignition engine fuels, automotive spark-ignition engine fuels containing a volume fraction of up to 20 % ethanol, aviation gasolines, aviation turbine fuels, (paraffinic) diesel fuels, FAME (B100), diesel blends containing a volume fraction of up to 30 % fatty acid methyl esters (FAME), special petroleum spirits, naphthas, white spirits, kerosenes, burner fuels, and marine fuels.

The test method is also applicable to hydrocarbons with a narrow boiling range, like organic solvents or oxygenated compounds.

The test method is designed for the analysis of distillate products; it is not applicable to products containing appreciable quantities of residual material.

WARNING — The use of this document can involve hazardous materials, operations and equipment. This document does not purport to address all of the safety problems associated with its use. It is the responsibility of user of this document to take appropriate measures to ensure the safety and health of personnel prior to application of the document, and to fulfil statutory and regulatory requirements for this purpose.

2 Normative references

3 Terms and definitions

4 Principle

5 Reagents and materials

5.1

5.2

5.3

5.4

5.5

5.6

5.7

6 Apparatus

6.1 Micro distillation unit

6.2 Barometer for calibration

6.3 Sampling device

6.4 Waste beaker

7 Sampling

7.1

7.2

7.3

7.4

7.5

7.6

8 Apparatus preparation

9 Calibration, verification and quality control

9.1 General

9.2 Calibration

9.3 Instrument verification

10 Procedure

10.1

10.2

10.3

10.4

10.5

10.6

10.7

10.8

10.9

10.10

10.11

10.12

10.13

10.14

10.15

11 Calculation

12 Expression of results

13 Precision

13.1 General

13.2 Repeatability, r

13.3 Reproducibility, R

13.4 Bias

13.5 Relative bias

13.6 Repeatability and reproducibility for FAME

13.7 Relative bias for FAME

14 Test report

Bibliography