Foreword

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This document was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 204, Intelligent transport systems.

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Introduction

As new forms of mobility services (e.g. e-mobility, delivery robot, autonomous driving) are emerging in the intelligent transport systems (ITS) industry, the role of the nomadic device is becoming indispensable. Currently, mobility service platforms use position data gathered via the nomadic devices of the passengers, and positioning systems rely on global navigation satellite system (GNSS) technology. The functionality of the system is occasionally constrained by network interference, GNSS-denied environments and data loss. A seamless positioning system would enable interoperability between ITS domains to provide a seamless location-based service.

The main objective of a seamless positioning system is to support the development of a robust and ubiquitous indoor and outdoor seamless positioning solution for a mobile user (e.g. multimodal transportation) so that anyone can experience mobility services regardless of location, environment and disabilities.

The seamless positioning system consists of three domains:

nomadic device [e.g. personal intelligent transport system station (P-ITS-S)],
mobility [e.g. vehicle intelligent transport system station (V-ITS-S)], and
infrastructure [e.g. roadside intelligent transport system station (R-ITS-S)].

The system integrates multiple data from different domains and provides positioning data (e.g. position, velocity, time service implemented in the ITS-S) in a seamless manner.

Figure 1 shows the seamless positioning system.

1 Scope

This document specifies the sensor data fusion applicable to the use cases of indoor and outdoor seamless positioning solutions for a mobile user (multimodal transportation) in intelligent transport system (ITS) stations.

This document provides technical requirements for data fusion between three domains:

nomadic device [e.g. personal intelligent transport system station (P-ITS-S)],
mobility [e.g. vehicle intelligent transport system station (V-ITS-S)], and
infrastructure [e.g. roadside intelligent transport system station (R-ITS-S)].

The data exchange between these domains is based on a standardized message and data format and this document identifies use cases for each different case of communication between domains.

2 Normative references

3 Terms and definitions

4 Symbols and abbreviated terms

4.1 Abbreviated terms

5 Seamless positioning system overview

5.1 General

5.2 Positioning system components

5.3 Multimodal transportation concepts

5.4 Seamless positioning system architecture

5.5 System reliability and security

6 Data fusion for seamless positioning

6.1 Sensor data specification

6.2 Sensor data fusion process

6.3 Positioning output process

7 Requirements and guidelines

7.1 Domain requirement level (DRL)

7.2 Sensor requirement level (SRL)

7.3 Required and recommended data

7.4 Quality of service (QoS) requirements

8 Implementation considerations

8.1 Sensor integration strategies and implementation

8.2 Sensor integration testing

8.3 Error handling, fault tolerance and recovery mechanisms

8.4 Security and privacy measures in sensor deployment

8.5 Signal strength and sensor integration

Bibliography