Foreword

ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.

The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular, the different approval criteria needed for the different types of ISO document should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives).

ISO draws attention to the possibility that the implementation of this document may involve the use of (a) patent(s). ISO takes no position concerning the evidence, validity or applicability of any claimed patent rights in respect thereof. As of the date of publication of this document, ISO had not received notice of (a) patent(s) which may be required to implement this document. However, implementers are cautioned that this may not represent the latest information, which may be obtained from the patent database available at www.iso.org/patents. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.

Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not constitute an endorsement.

For an explanation of the voluntary nature of standards, the meaning of ISO specific terms and expressions related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISO's adherence to the World Trade Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT), see www.iso.org/iso/foreword.html.

This document was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 204, Intelligent transport systems.

Any feedback or questions on this document should be directed to the user’s national standards body. A complete listing of these bodies can be found at www.iso.org/members.html.

Introduction

Urbanization, changes in climate and demographic and societal changes are some of the major trends that have had an impact on transport systems and services over the last decades. Combined with the implementation of ITS services and Internet of Things (IoT), new transport concepts have been developed. User requirements on efficiency, availability and interoperability have also been driving forces for new transport concepts for the integration of multimodal, existing and new transport services as described and implemented in mobility concepts like mobility as a service (MaaS) and mobility on demand (MOD). Co-operative, connected and automated mobility (CCAM) can also have a significant effect on how travellers plan and implement their journeys between multiple modes of transport in the integrated mobility environment.

Integrated mobility concepts are evolving around the world, mostly based on the MaaS and MOD concepts. There is a need for a generic, common, and world-wide concept description mapping all existing and foreseen concepts for interoperable, integrated and seamless multimodal transport services.

The role and responsibility models for MaaS and MOD have already been described in ISO/TR 4447. However, there is also a need for a common role and responsibility model for integrated and multimodal mobility services, recognizing and including the work already done by the two mainstream organizations for integrated mobility services, MaaS and MOD.

A common role and responsibility model can be described from an enterprise view^[3^], where the stakeholders, actors and roles in the MaaS and MOD ecosystems are merged into one enterprise view. The enterprise view addresses the relationships between the entities (e.g. organizations) involved in the provision of the mobility services. An enterprise view has been described in ISO/TR 7878.

The objective of this document is to describe integrated mobility from a physical and functional view^[3^], to which existing implementations of integrated mobility systems can potentially be mapped. This is intended to enable a common understanding, an exchange of information and knowledge, and a convergence towards one world-wide integrated mobility concept description.

The physical view describes the physical objects (systems and devices) and the information exchanges that support ITS. The physical objects interact and exchange information and services. Physical objects are defined to represent the major physical components of the ITS architecture^[3^].

The functional view addresses the analysis of abstract functional elements and their logical interactions. The functional objects are allocated to the physical objects based on the analysis of the functional requirements for each of the physical objects^[3^].

1 Scope

This document describes the physical and functional views defined in ISO/TS 14812 on integrated mobility, based on the role and responsibilities models in the mobility-as-a-service (MaaS) and mobility on demand (MOD) ecosystems as described in ISO/TR 4447 and ISO/TR 7878.

This document focuses on mobility service concepts where the included transport services are publicly available.

2 Normative references

3 Terms, definitions and abbreviated terms

3.1 Terms and definitions

3.2 Abbreviated terms

4 The core physical and functional objects in the provision of mobility services

4.1 General

4.2 MSU requests, books, uses, and pays for the mobility service

4.3 Manage mobility services

4.4 Manage transport services

4.5 Manage transport infrastructure

5 External physical objects

5.1 General

5.2 Systems for data security

5.3 Systems for positioning

5.4 Communication systems

5.5 Systems for data management services

5.6 PSP systems

5.7 Electronic fee and fare collection systems

Bibliography