National foreword

This British Standard is the UK implementation of EN 1991‑3:2006,incorporating corrigendum December 2012.

The start and finish of text introduced or altered by corrigendum is indicated in the text by tags. Text altered by CEN corrigendum December 2012 is indicated in the text by

The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted by Technical Committee B/525,Building and civil engineering structures, to Subcommittee B/525/1,Actions (loadings) and basis of design.

A list of organizations represented on this subcommittee can be obtained on request to its secretary.

Where a normative part of this EN allows for a choice to be made at the national level, the range and possible choice will be given in the normative text, and a note will qualify it as a Nationally Determined Parameter (NDP). NDPs can be a specific value for a factor,a specific level or class,a particular method or a particular application rule if several are proposed in the EN.

To enable EN 1991‑3to be used in the UK,the latest version of the NA to this Standard containing these NDPs should also be used. At the time of publication, it is NA to BS EN 1991‑3:2006.

This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application.

Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity from legal obligations.

This British Standard was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 29 September 2006

This European Standard was approved by CEN on 9 January 2006.

CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the Central Secretariat or to any CEN member.

This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the Central Secretariat has the same status as the official versions.

CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.

Foreword

This European Standard (EN1991-3:2006) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC250“Structural Eurocodes”, the secretariat of which is held by BSI.

CEN/TC 250 is responsible for all Structural Eurocodes.

This European Standard supersedes ENV 1991-5:1998.

This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by October 2006,and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by March 2010.

According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom.

Background of the Eurocode programme

In 1975,the Commission of the European Community decided on an action programme in the field of construction, based on article 95 of the Treaty. The objective of the programme was the elimination of technical obstacles to trade and the harmonisation of technical specifications.

Within this action programme, the Commission took the initiative to establish a set of harmonised technical rules for the design of construction works which, in a first stage, would serve as an alternative to the national rules in force in the Member States and, ultimately, would replace them.

For fifteen years, the Commission, with the help of a Steering Committee with Representatives of Member States, conducted the development of the Eurocodes programme, which led to the first generation of European codes in the 1980s.

In 1989,the Commission and the Member States of the EU and EFTA decided, on the basis of an agreement¹ between the Commission and CEN,to transfer the preparation and the publication of the Eurocodes to the CEN through a series of Mandates, in order to provide them with a future status of European Standard (EN). This links de facto the Eurocodes with the provisions of all the Council’s Directives and/or Commission’s Decisions dealing with European standards (e.g. the Council Directive 89/106/EEC on construction products - CPD - and Council Directives 93/37/EEC,92/50/EEC and 89/440/EEC on public works and services and equivalent EFTA Directives initiated in pursuit of setting up the internal market).

The Structural Eurocode programme comprises the following standards generally consisting of a number of Parts:

Eurocode standards recognise the responsibility of regulatory authorities in each Member State and have safeguarded their right to determine values related to regulatory safety matters at national level where these continue to vary from State to State.

Status and field of application of Eurocodes

The Member States of the EU and EFTA recognise that Eurocodes serve as reference documents for the following purposes:

as a means to prove compliance of building and civil engineering works with the essential requirements of Council Directive 89/106/EEC,particularly Essential Requirement N°1 – Mechanical resistance and stability – and Essential Requirement N°2 – Safety in case of fire;
as a basis for specifying contracts for construction works and related engineering services;
as a framework for drawing up harmonised technical specifications for construction products (ENs and ETAs)

The Eurocodes, as far as they concern the construction works themselves, have a direct relationship with the Interpretative Documents² referred to in Article 12 of the CPD,although they are of a different nature from harmonised product standards³. Therefore, technical aspects arising from the Eurocodes work need to be adequately considered by CEN Technical Committees and/or EOTA Working Groups working on product standards with a view to achieving full compatibility of these technical specifications with the Eurocodes.

The Eurocode standards provide common structural design rules for everyday use for the design of whole structures and component products of both a traditional and an innovative nature. Unusual forms of construction or design conditions are not specifically covered and additional expert consideration will be required by the designer in such cases.

National Standards implementing Eurocodes

The National Standards implementing Eurocodes will comprise the full text of the Eurocode (including any annexes),as published by CEN,which may be preceded by a National title page and National foreword, and may be followed bya National annex.

The National annex may only contain information on those parameters which are left open in the Eurocode for national choice, known as Nationally Determined Parameters, to be used for the design of buildings and civil engineering works to be constructed in the country concerned,i.e.:

values and/or classes where alternatives are given in the Eurocode,
values to be used where a symbol only is given in the Eurocode,
country specific data (geographical, climatic, etc.),e.g. snow map,
the procedure to be used where alternative procedures are given in the Eurocode.

It may also contain:

decisions on the application of informative annexes,
references to non-contradictory complementary information to assist the user to apply the Eurocode.

Links between Eurocodes and harmonised technical specifications (ENs and ETAs) for products

There is a need for consistency between the harmonised technical specifications for construction products and the technical rules for works⁴. Furthermore, all the information accompanying the CE Marking of the construction products which refer to Eurocodes should clearly mention which Nationally Determined Parameters have been taken into account.

Additional information specific for EN 1991‑3

EN 1991‑3 gives design guidance and actions for the structural design of buildings and civil engineering works, including the following aspects:

actions induced by cranes, and
actions induced by machinery.

EN 1991‑3 is intended for clients, designers, contractors and public authorities.

EN 1991‑3 is intended to be used with EN 1990,the other Parts of EN 1991 and EN 1992 to EN 1999 for the design of structures.

National annex for EN 1991‑3

This Standard gives alternative procedures, values and recommendations for classes with notes indicating where national choices have to be made. Therefore the National Standard implementing EN 1991‑3 should have a National Annex containing all Nationally Determined Parameters to be used for the design of members to be constructed in the relevant country.

National choice is allowed in EN 1991‑3 through the following paragraphs:

Section 1 General

1.1 Scope

(1) Part 3 of EN 1991 specifies imposed loads (models and representative values) associated with cranes on runway beams and stationary machines which include, when relevant, dynamic effects and braking, acceleration and accidental forces.

(2) Section 1 defines common definitions and notations.

(3) Section 2 specifies actions induced by cranes on runways.

(4) Section 3 specifies actions induced by stationary machines.

1.2 Normative References

1.3 Distinction between Principles and Application Rules

1.4 Terms and definitions

1.5 Symbols

Section 2 Actions induced by hoists and cranes on runway beams

2.1 Field of application

2.2 Classifications of actions

2.3 Design situations

2.4 Representation of crane actions

2.5 Load arrangements

2.6 Vertical crane loads - characteristic values

2.7 Horizontal crane loads - characteristic values

2.8 Temperature effects

2.9 Loads on access walkways, stairs, platforms and guard rails

2.10 Test loads

2.11 Accidental actions

2.12 Fatigue loads

Section 3 Actions induced by machinery

3.1 Field of application

3.2 Classification of actions

3.3 Design situations

3.4 Representation of actions

3.5 Characteristic values

3.6 Serviceability criteria

BS EN 1991-3:2006

Eurocode 1. Actions on structures - Actions induced by cranes and machinery

Current

Published:

29 Sep 2006