National foreword

This British Standard is the UK implementation of EN IEC 62933‑5‑1:2024. It is identical to IEC 62933‑5‑1:2024.

The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee ESL/120, Electrical Energy Storage.

A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its committee manager.

Contractual and legal considerations

This publication has been prepared in good faith, however no representation, warranty, assurance or undertaking (express or implied) is or will be made, and no responsibility or liability is or will be accepted by BSI in relation to the adequacy, accuracy, completeness or reasonableness of this publication. All and any such responsibility and liability is expressly disclaimed to the full extent permitted by the law.

This publication is provided as is, and is to be used at the recipient’s own risk.

The recipient is advised to consider seeking professional guidance with respect to its use of this publication.

This publication is not intended to constitute a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application.

Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity from legal obligations.

This British Standard was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 30 September 2024.

This European Standard was approved by CENELEC on 3 September 2024. CENELEC members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration.

Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CENELEC member.

This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CENELEC member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versions.

CENELEC members are the national electrotechnical committees of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czechia, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Republic of North Macedonia, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Türkiye and United Kingdom.

European foreword

The text of document 120/368/FDIS, future edition 1 of IEC 62933‑5‑1, prepared by TC 120 "Electrical Energy Storage (EES) systems" was submitted to the IEC-CENELEC parallel vote and approved by CENELEC as EN IEC 62933‑5‑1:2024.

The following dates are fixed:

Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CENELEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.

Any feedback and questions on this document should be directed to the users’ national committee. A complete listing of these bodies can be found on the CENELEC website.

Endorsement notice

The text of the International Standard IEC 62933‑5‑1:2024 was approved by CENELEC as a European Standard without any modification.

In the official version, for Bibliography, the following notes have to be added for the standard indicated:

FOREWORD

The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) is a worldwide organization for standardization comprising all national electrotechnical committees (IEC National Committees). The object of IEC is to promote international co-operation on all questions concerning standardization in the electrical and electronic fields. To this end and in addition to other activities, IEC publishes International Standards, Technical Specifications, Technical Reports, Publicly Available Specifications (PAS) and Guides (hereafter referred to as "IEC Publication(s)"). Their preparation is entrusted to technical committees; any IEC National Committee interested in the subject dealt with may participate in this preparatory work. International, governmental and non-governmental organizations liaising with the IEC also participate in this preparation. IEC collaborates closely with the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) in accordance with conditions determined by agreement between the two organizations.
The formal decisions or agreements of IEC on technical matters express, as nearly as possible, an international consensus of opinion on the relevant subjects since each technical committee has representation from all interested IEC National Committees.
IEC Publications have the form of recommendations for international use and are accepted by IEC National Committees in that sense. While all reasonable efforts are made to ensure that the technical content of IEC Publications is accurate, IEC cannot be held responsible for the way in which they are used or for any misinterpretation by any end user.
In order to promote international uniformity, IEC National Committees undertake to apply IEC Publications transparently to the maximum extent possible in their national and regional publications. Any divergence between any IEC Publication and the corresponding national or regional publication shall be clearly indicated in the latter.
IEC itself does not provide any attestation of conformity. Independent certification bodies provide conformity assessment services and, in some areas, access to IEC marks of conformity. IEC is not responsible for any services carried out by independent certification bodies.
All users should ensure that they have the latest edition of this publication.
No liability shall attach to IEC or its directors, employees, servants or agents including individual experts and members of its technical committees and IEC National Committees for any personal injury, property damage or other damage of any nature whatsoever, whether direct or indirect, or for costs (including legal fees) and expenses arising out of the publication, use of, or reliance upon, this IEC Publication or any other IEC Publications.
Attention is drawn to the Normative references cited in this publication. Use of the referenced publications is indispensable for the correct application of this publication.
IEC draws attention to the possibility that the implementation of this document may involve the use of (a) patent(s). IEC takes no position concerning the evidence, validity or applicability of any claimed patent rights in respect thereof. As of the date of publication of this document, IEC had not received notice of (a) patent(s), which may be required to implement this document. However, implementers are cautioned that this may not represent the latest information, which may be obtained from the patent database available at https://patents.iec.ch. IEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.

IEC 62933‑5‑1 has been prepared by IEC technical committee TC 120: Electrical Energy Storage (EES) systems. It is an International Standard.

This first edition cancels and replaces the first edition of IEC TS 62933‑5‑1 published in 2017. This edition constitutes a technical revision.

This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to IEC TS 62933‑5‑1:2017:

Revising “should” statements to “shall” statements for all requirements and move some “should” statements clauses to Annex B for informative purposes.
Update standard references (normative).
Update definitions and add or remove definitions where necessary.
Revise criteria in Clause 6 and Clause 7 to be actionable and add standard references where necessary.
Revise Clause 8 for more thorough test method and criteria, add tests where necessary.
Add markings and instruction criteria.
Revise Annex A to add technology safety information on gravitational and thermal EESS.
Add Annex B and Annex C for safety considerations for EESS and test method for mechanical EESS.
Add informative list of standards and update bibliography.

The text of this International Standard is based on the following documents:

Full information on the voting for its approval can be found in the report on voting indicated in the above table.

The language used for the development of this International Standard is English.

This document was drafted in accordance with ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2, and developed in accordance with ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1 and ISO/IEC Directives, IEC Supplement, available at www.iec.ch/members_experts/refdocs. The main document types developed by IEC are described in greater detail at www.iec.ch/publications.

A list of all parts in the IEC 62933 series, published under the general title Electrical energy storage (EES) systems, can be found on the IEC website.

The committee has decided that the contents of this document will remain unchanged until the stability date indicated on the IEC website under webstore.iec.ch in the data related to the specific document. At this date, the document will be

reconfirmed,
withdrawn, or
revised.

IMPORTANT — The "colour inside" logo on the cover page of this document indicates that it contains colours which are considered to be useful for the correct understanding of its contents. Users should therefore print this document using a colour printer.

INTRODUCTION

Many governments' plans for how electricity will be generated and managed in the future have been determined. Such current plans cannot be implemented without long-term storage with capacities in the large scale range.

There are a number of types of storage technologies that have emerged. Examples of these technologies are pumped hydro storage (PHS), electrochemical batteries, flywheel storage systems and hydrogen and synthetic natural gas (SNG). Pumped hydro storage has been widely used in terms of the total amount of stored energy. A flywheel is a model of kinetic energy storage with a high power density, excellent cycle stability and long life. While some flywheels are intended for short term operation, others can operate over longer periods of time of up to a few hours. Batteries require development primarily to decrease cost, and for some technologies to increase energy density as well. Hydrogen and synthetic natural gas (SNG) added to natural gas are likely to be essential elements of future electric grids because of their energy storage duration and capacity. Hydrogen and SNG should be further researched and developed across a broad front, including physical facilities, interactions with existing uses of gas for supply and distribution network, optimal chemical processes, safety, reliability and efficiency. The IEC White Paper on electrical energy storage can provide further background information concerning EES systems.

For mature EES systems, various IEC standards exist, covering technical features, testing and system integration. For other technologies, there are only a few standards, covering special topics.

Up to now no general standard addressing safety for EESS integration into an electrical grid has been developed.

The rapid growth and the new technologies involved in electrical energy storage in the near future, as well as their installation by consumers will impose particular requirements for safety. At the same time, society and governments will need assurance of safety before the much-needed systems can be deployed.

This document stands as a decisive step towards the gradual alignment with specific technologies and applications concerning the safety of packaged or site-assembled grid-integrated EESS.

Additional criteria specific to electrochemical type electrical energy storage (EES) systems are given in IEC 62933‑5‑2.

1 Scope

This part of IEC 62933 specifies safety considerations (e.g. hazards identification, risk assessment, risk mitigation) applicable to EES systems integrated with the electrical grid.

This document provides criteria to enable the safe application and use of electrical energy storage systems of any type or size intended for grid-integrated applications.

This document can be applied to all EESS technologies, but for requirements specific to electrochemical EES systems, reference is also made to IEC 62933‑5‑2.

2 Normative references

3 Terms and definitions

4 Basic approach for safety considerations of EES systems

5 Hazard considerations for EES systems

5.1 Electrical hazards

5.2 Mechanical hazards

5.3 Energy hazards

5.4 Fire hazards

5.5 Temperature hazards

5.6 Chemical hazards

5.7 Unsuitable working conditions

6 EESS risk assessment

6.1 EESS structure

6.2 Description of storage conditions

6.3 Risk analysis

7 Requirements necessary to reduce risks

7.1 General measures to reduce risks

7.2 Preventive measures against damage to neighbouring inhabitants

7.3 Safety-related design review

7.4 Preventive measures against damage to workers and other persons at risk

7.5 EESS disconnection and shutdown

7.6 Cyber security

7.7 Remote monitoring and unattended operation

8 System testing

8.1 General

8.2 Validation and testing of EESS - Electrical hazards

8.3 Validation and testing of EESS - Mechanical hazards

8.4 Validation and testing of EESS - Fluid hazards (high or low temperature, high pressure, flammable, corrosive, caustic, or toxic)

8.5 Validation and testing of EESS - Explosion and combustible concentrations hazards

8.6 Validation and testing of EESS - Hazards arising from electric, magnetic and electromagnetic fields

8.7 Validation and testing of EESS - Fire propagation hazards

8.8 Validation and testing of EESS - Temperature hazards

8.9 Validation and testing of EESS - Chemical effects

8.10 Validation and testing of EESS - Hazards arising from the environment

8.11 Validation and testing of EESS - Hazards arising from auxiliary, control and communication subsystem malfunctions

9 Instruction manuals and guidelines

9.1 General

9.2 Installation manual

9.3 Maintenance manual

9.4 Operator manual

9.5 Emergency procedure manual

9.6 First response manual

10 Markings and signage

10.1 General

10.2 Nameplate

10.3 Cautionary markings and signage

Bibliography

BS EN IEC 62933-5-1:2024

Electrical energy storage (EES) systems - Safety considerations for grid-integrated EES systems. General specification

Current

Published:

30 Sep 2024