National foreword

This British Standard is the UK implementation of EN 4709‑002:2023.

The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee ACE/20, Unmanned Aircraft Systems.

A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its committee manager.

Contractual and legal considerations

This publication has been prepared in good faith, however no representation, warranty, assurance or undertaking (express or implied) is or will be made, and no responsibility or liability is or will be accepted by BSI in relation to the adequacy, accuracy, completeness or reasonableness of this publication. All and any such responsibility and liability is expressly disclaimed to the full extent permitted by the law.

This publication is provided as is, and is to be used at the recipient’s own risk.

The recipient is advised to consider seeking professional guidance with respect to its use of this publication.

This publication is not intended to constitute a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application.

This publication has been prepared under a mandate given to the European Standards Organizations by the European Commission and the European Free Trade Association. It is intended to support requirements of the EU legislation detailed in the European Foreword. A European Annex, usually Annex ZA or ZZ, describes how this publication relates to that EU legislation.

For the Great Britain market (England, Scotland and Wales), if UK Government has designated this publication for conformity with UKCA marking (or similar) legislation, it may contain an additional National Annex. Where such a National Annex exists, it shows the correlation between this publication and the relevant UK legislation. If there is no National Annex of this kind, the relevant Annex ZA or ZZ in the body of the European text will indicate the relationship to UK regulation applicable in Great Britain. References to EU legislation may need to be read in accordance with the UK designation and the applicable UK law. Further information on designated standards can be found at

www.bsigroup.com/standardsandregulation.

For the Northern Ireland market, UK law will continue to implement relevant EU law subject to periodic confirmation. Therefore Annex ZA/ZZ in the European text, and references to EU legislation, are still valid for this market.

UK Government is responsible for legislation. For information on legislation and policies relating to that legislation, consult the relevant pages of www.gov.uk.

Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity from legal obligations.

This British Standard was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 31 October 2023.

This European Standard was approved by CEN on 28 August 2023.

CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN member.

This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versions.

CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Republic of North Macedonia, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Türkiye and United Kingdom.

European foreword

This document (EN 4709‑002:2023) has been prepared by the Aerospace and Defence Industries Association of Europe — Standardization (ASD STAN) and is now under the responsibility of CEN/TC 471 ‘Unmanned aircraft systems.

This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by April 2024, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by April 2024.

Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.

After enquiries and votes carried out in accordance with the rules of this Association, this document has received the approval of the National Associations and the Official Services of the member countries of ASD-STAN, prior to its presentation to CEN.

A list of all parts in the 4709 series can be found on the CEN website: https://www.cencenelec.eu/.

This document has been prepared under a standardization request addressed to CEN by the European Commission. The Standing Committee of the EFTA States subsequently approves these requests for its Member States.

For the relationship with EU Legislation, see informative Annex ZA, which is an integral part of this document.

Any feedback and questions on this document should be directed to the users’ national standards body. A complete listing of these bodies can be found on the CEN website.

According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organisations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Republic of North Macedonia, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Türkiye and the United Kingdom.

Introduction

The European Commission adopted on the 12th of March 2019 the Delegated Regulation (EU) 2019/945 on unmanned aircraft systems and on third-country operators of unmanned aircraft systems.

This document gives all economic operators (such as manufacturers, importers and distributors and their trade associations as well as bodies involved in the conformity assessment procedures) a viable way to prove compliance with the requirements laid out in the Delegated Regulation of 12th, March 2019.

The end user of this document assumes all responsibility for the safe application of these test methods. All relevant safety/quality procedures should be considered. Special consideration should be considered when operating the UAS for evaluations. All local, state, federal, and country laws should be considered when operating UAS.

For repeatability, it is assumed that environmental conditions (temperature, wind, pressure, humidity) are recorded during any tests and it is further assumed tests conducted unless otherwise noted within the following conditions: Temperature – 18 °C-28 °C, Pressure – Atmospheric from sea level up to 2 000 m, Humidity – 10 %-60 %, Wind Speed – Calm (less than 0,3 m/s or zero on the Beaufort Scale).

DRI display software

The following information is provided to clarify the assumptions made on the capability of compatible mobile receiver devices to get DRI data interpretation and display capability.

As described in 4.1 the interested third party uses a receiver mobile device (such as a smartphone) with specific RID Display Software to receive and display the information contained in Remote ID broadcasted by an UA.

To be easily accessible, the display software is expected to be largely available to all interested third parties.

The software is expected to display all mandatory information described in 4.2. A way to display remote ID could be a map view showing the position of the UA(s) together with the position of the smartphone.

All transport methods for remote ID described in Clause 5 is expected to be processed and displayed by the software to be used as a testing tool. As the transport methods have different hardware requirements, a specific mobile receiver device may not be able to receive all transport methods. The software is expected to show the user which transport methods are supported by the present mobile receiver device.

1 Scope

1.1 General

This document provides means of compliance with the “Direct Remote Identification” requirements set in Regulation (EU) 2019/945 on Unmanned Aircraft Systems.

“Direct remote identification” means a system that ensures the local broadcast of information about a UA in operation.

More specifically, this document addresses drone’s capability to be identified during the whole duration of the flight, in real time and with no specific connectivity or ground infrastructure link, by existing mobile devices when within the broadcasting range. Such functionality, based on an open and documented transmission protocol (described in this document) contributes to address security threats and to support drones’ operators’ obligations with respect to citizens’ fundamental rights to privacy and protection of personal data. It can be used by law enforcement people, critical infrastructure managers, and public to get an instantaneous information on the drone flying around, providing various information such as UA serial number, UA navigation data and operational status, UAS Operator registration number and position as defined in the Delegated Regulation (EU) 2019/945.

Since Regulation (EU) 2019/945 requires DRI information to be broadcasted using an “open and documented protocol”, this document does not define technological measures to protect the confidentiality and integrity of the data broadcasted.

1.2 Security

This document is limited to ensure conformity of the UAS with the requirements set in Parts 2, 3, 4 and 6 of Regulation (EU) 2019/945. Therefore:

this document does not include the capability to protect communication against user and/or malicious modification of sensors output values involved in DRI information computation (like GNSS, barometer, magnetometer, and accelerometer…) and the DRI radio-transmitter interface;
this document does not include the capability to protect against user and/or malicious software and hardware modification of the geographical position, the timestamp, the height, the take-off position, the speed, or the route course of the UA/add-on;
this document does not include the capability to ensure DRI data integrity verification, or the capability to ensure detection that the UA/Add-on’s serial number is unique, when received by the receiver mobile device. However, to provide such capabilities, a digital signature may be added to the DRI message;
this document does not include the capability to ensure DRI data received by the receiver mobile device are genuine and come from a UA/add-on belonging to a registered UAS operator, or the capability to ensure detection of spoofing of the UAS operator registration number. However, to provide such capabilities, a digital signature may be added to the DRI message.

1.3 DRI display software

Direct remote identification display software is not in the scope of this document. However, it is assumed that compatible mobile receiver devices will support DRI data interpretation and display capability.

2 Normative references

3 Terms, definitions and abbreviations

3.1 Terms and definitions

3.2 List of abbreviated terms

4 General design requirements

4.1 Conceptual overview

4.2 Mandatory information

4.3 Security of the DRI system

4.4 Upload of UAS operator registration number

4.5 Performance requirements

4.6 Working time

4.7 Add-on specific requirements

5 Requirements for direct remote identification function

5.1 Data dictionary

5.2 DRI messages

5.3 Broadcast transport protocols

5.4 Output power

5.5 Emission directivity

5.6 Update and transmission rates

6 Verification requirements and test methods

6.1 Scope

6.2 DRI generic test procedure

6.3 Update and transmission rates test procedure

6.4 Remote ID compatibility with mobile device

Bibliography

BS EN 4709-002:2023

Aerospace series. Unmanned Aircraft Systems - Direct Remote identification

Current

Published:

31 Oct 2023