National foreword

This British Standard is the UK implementation of EN ISO 14118:2018. It is identical to ISO 14118:2017. It supersedes BS EN 1037:1995+A1:2008, which is withdrawn.

The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee MCE/3, Safeguarding of machinery.

A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its secretary.

This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application.

Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity from legal obligations.

This British Standard was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 28 February 2018.

Foreword

ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.

The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular the different approval criteria needed for the different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives).

Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www.iso.org/patents).

Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not constitute an endorsement.

For an explanation on the voluntary nature of standards, the meaning of ISO specific terms and expressions related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISO's adherence to the World Trade Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) see the following URL: www.iso.org/iso/foreword.html.

This document was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 199, Safety of machinery.

This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition (ISO 14118:2000), which has been technically revised and contains the following changes:

the text has been edited to facilitate implementation of this document;
the Scope has been redefined to exclude the specification of performance levels or safety integrity levels for safety-related parts of control systems;
Figure 1 has been updated.

Introduction

The structure of safety standards in the field of machinery is as follows:

type-A standards (basic safety standards) giving basic concepts, principles for design, and general aspects that can be applied to all machinery;
type-B standards (generic safety standards) dealing with one safety aspect or one or more type(s) of safeguard that can be used across a wide range of machinery:
- type-B1 standards on particular safety aspects (e.g. safety distances, surface temperature, noise);
- type-B2 standards on safeguards (e.g. two-hand controls, interlocking devices, pressure sensitive devices, guards);
type-C standards (machine safety standards) dealing with detailed safety requirements for a particular machine or group of machines.

This document is a type-B standard as stated in ISO 12100.

This document is of relevance, in particular, for the following stakeholder groups representing the market players with regard to machinery safety:

machine manufacturers (small, medium and large enterprises);
health and safety bodies (regulators, accident prevention organizations, market surveillance, etc.)

Others can be affected by the level of machinery safety achieved with the means of the document by the above-mentioned stakeholder groups:

machine users/employers (small, medium and large enterprises);
machine users/employees (e.g. trade unions, organizations for people with special needs);
service providers, e.g. for maintenance (small, medium and large enterprises);
consumers (in case of machinery intended for use by consumers).

The above-mentioned stakeholder groups have been given the possibility to participate at the drafting process of this document.

In addition, this document is intended for standardization bodies elaborating type-C standards.

The requirements of this document can be supplemented or modified by a type-C standard.

For machines which are covered by the scope of a type-C standard and which have been designed and built according to the requirements of that standard, the requirements of that type-C standard take precedence.

Keeping a machine in a stopped condition while persons are present in danger zones is one of the most important conditions of the safe use of machinery and hence, one of the major aims of the machine designer and machine user.

In the past, the concepts of “operating machine” and “stopped machine” were generally unambiguous; a machine was

operating when its movable elements or some of them were moving;
stopped when its movable elements were at rest.

Machine automation has made the relationship between “operating” and “moving” on one hand and “stopped” and “at rest” on the other hand, more difficult to define. Automation has also increased the potential for unexpected start-up and a significant number of hazardous events have occurred where machines, stopped for diagnostic work or corrective actions, started up unexpectedly.

Hazards other than mechanical hazards generated by movable elements (e.g. from a laser beam) also need to be taken into account.

The risk assessment relating to the presence of persons in a danger zone of a stopped machine needs to take into account the probability of an unexpected start-up of the hazard-generating elements.

This document provides machine designers and machinery safety standard technical committees with samples of built-in measures which can be used to prevent unexpected start-up.

This European Standard was approved by CEN on 7 October 2017.

CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN member.

This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versions.

CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and United Kingdom.

European foreword

This document (EN ISO 14118:2018) has been prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 199 “Safety of machinery” in collaboration with Technical Committee CEN/TC 114 “Safety of machinery” the secretariat of which is held by DIN.

This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by August 2018, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by August 2018.

Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.

This document supersedes EN 1037:1995+A1:2008.

This document has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission and the European Free Trade Association, and supports essential requirements of EU Directive(s).

For relationship with EU Directive(s), see informative Annex ZA, which is an integral part of this document.

According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organisations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the United Kingdom.

Endorsement notice

The text of ISO 14118:2017 has been approved by CEN as EN ISO 14118:2018 without any modification.

1 Scope

This document specifies requirements for designed-in means aimed at preventing unexpected machine start-up (see 3.2) to allow safe human interventions in danger zones (see Annex A).

This document applies to unexpected start-up from all types of energy source, i.e.:

power supply, e.g. electrical, hydraulic, pneumatic;
stored energy due to, e.g. gravity, compressed springs;
external influences, e.g. from wind.

This document does not specify performance levels or safety integrity levels for safety-related parts of control systems. While available means to prevent unexpected start-up are identified, this document does not specify the means for the prevention of unexpected machine start-up for specific machines.

NOTE A type-C standard can define the required means for the prevention of harm arising from unexpected start-up. Otherwise, the requirements for a specific machine need to be determined by risk assessment outside the scope of this document.

2 Normative references

3 Terms and definitions

4 General measures to prevent unexpected start-up

4.1 General

4.2 Manual measures for isolation and energy dissipation

4.3 Other means to prevent unexpected (unintended) start-up

4.4 Signalling and warning (delayed start)

5 Isolation and energy dissipation

5.1 Prevention of unexpected start-up upon restoration of any power supplies

5.2 Devices for isolation from power supplies

5.3 Locking (securing) devices

5.4 Devices for stored-energy dissipation or restraint (containment)

6 Other measures to prevent unexpected start-up

6.1 Design strategy

6.2 Measures to prevent unintended generation of start commands

6.3 Measures to maintain stop commands

6.4 Automatic monitoring of the safe state (stopped condition) during a category 2 stop

7 Design requirements for verification

7.1 General

7.2 Provisions for verifying isolation

7.3 Provisions for verifying energy dissipation or restraint (containment)

Bibliography

BS EN ISO 14118:2018

Safety of machinery. Prevention of unexpected start-up

Current

Published:

31 Mar 2020