National foreword

This British Standard supersedes BS 5580:1978, which will be withdrawn.

BS 2000 comprises a series of test methods for petroleum and its products that are published by the Institute of Petroleum (IP) and have been accorded the status of a British Standard. Each method should be read in conjunction with the preliminary pages of 'IP Standard methods for analysis and testing of petroleum and related products and British Standard 2000 Parts' which gives details of the BSI/IP agreement for publication of the series, provides general information on safety precautions, sampling and other matters, and lists the methods published as Parts of BS 2000.

Under the terms of the agreement between BSI and the Institute of Petroleum, BS 2000 : Part 41 / BS EN ISO 5165 will be published by the IP (in 'Standard methods for analysis and testing of petroleum and related products and British Standard 2000 Parts' and as a separate publication). The numbering of the Parts of BS 2000 follows that of the corresponding IP methods. BS 2000 : Part 41 : 1998 is thus identical with IP 41/99.

Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations.

This British Standard was published under the authority of the Materials and Chemicals Sector Board and comes into effect on 18th May 1998. It is the English language version of EN ISO 5165 : 1998Petroleum products — Determination of the ignition quality of diesel fuels — Cetane engine method, published by the European Committee for Standardization (CEN), which endorses ISO 5165 : 1998, published by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO).

Foreword

The text of the International Standard ISO 5165:1998 has been prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 28 "Petroleum products and lubricants" in collaboration with Technical Committee CEN/TC 19 "Petroleum products, lubricants and related products", the secretariat of which is held by NNI.

This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by September 1998, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by September 1998.

According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom.

Foreword

ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.

International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 3.

Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote.

International Standard 5165 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 28, Petroleum products and lubricants.

This third edition cancels and replaces the second edition (ISO 5165:1992), of which it constitutes a technical revision.

This European Standard was approved by GEN on 19 February 1998.

GEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the Central Secretariat or to any GEN member.

This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a GEN member into its own language and notified to the Central Secretariat has the same status as the official versions.

CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.

Endorsement notice

The text of the International Standard ISO 5165:1998 was approved by CEN as a European Standard without any modification.

1 Scope

This International Standard establishes the rating of diesel fuel oil in terms of an arbitrary scale of cetane numbers using a standard single cylinder, four-stroke cycle, variable compression ratio, indirect injected diesel engine. The cetane number provides a measure of the ignition characteristics of diesel fuel oil in compression ignition engines. The cetane number is determined at constant speed in a pre-combustion chamber-type compression ignition test engine. However, the relationship of test engine performance to full scale, variable speed, variable load engines is not completely understood.

This International Standard is applicable for the entire scale range from zero cetane number (CN) to 100 CN but typical testing is in the range of 30 CN to 65 CN.

This test may be used for unconventional fuels such as synthetics, vegetable oils, etc. However, the relationship to the performance of such materials in full scale engines is not completely understood.

Samples with fluid properties that interfere with the gravity flow of fuel to the fuel pump or delivery through the injector nozzle are not suitable for rating by this method.

NOTE 1 This International Standard specifies operating conditions in SI units but engine measurements are specified in inch-pound units because these are the units used in the manufacture of the equipment, and thus some references in this International Standard include these units in parenthesis.

NOTE 2 For the purposes of this International Standard, the expression "% (V/V)" is used to represent the volume fraction of a material.

2 Normative references

3 Principle

4 Definitions

5 Reagents and reference materials

5.1

5.2

5.3

5.4

5.5

5.6

6 Apparatus

6.1 Test engine assembly

6.2 Instrumentation

6.3 Reference fuel dispensing equipment

6.4 Injector nozzle tester

6.5 Special maintenance tools

7 Sampling and sample preparation

8 Basic engine and instrument settings and standard operating conditions

8.1 Installation of engine equipment and instrumentation

8.2 Engine speed

8.3 Valve timing

8.4 Valve lift

8.5 Fuel pump timing

8.6 Fuel pump inlet pressure

8.7 Direction of engine rotation

8.8 Injection timing

8.9 Injector nozzle opening pressure

8.10 Injection flow rate

8.11 Injector coolant passage temperature

8.12 Valve clearances

8.13 Oil pressure

8.14 Oil temperature

8.15 Cylinder jacket coolant temperature

8.16 Intake air temperature

8.17 Basic ignition delay

8.18 Cylinder jacket coolant level

8.19 Engine-crankcase lubricating oil level

8.20 Crankcase internal pressure

8.21 Exhaust back-pressure

8.22 Exhaust and crankcase breather system resonance

8.23 Piston over-travel

8.24 Belt tension

8.25 Injector opening or release pressure

8.26 Injector spray pattern

8.27 Indexing handwheel reading

8.28 Basic compression pressure

8.29 Fuel-pump lubricating oil level

8.30 Fuel-pump timing gear-box oil level

8.31 Setting instrumentation reference pickups

8.32 Setting injector pickup gap

9 Calibration and engine qualification

9.1 Engine compliance

9.2 Checking performance on check fuels

9.3 Check in the case of non-conformity

10 Procedure

10.1 General

10.2 Sample introduction

10.3 Fuel flow rate

10.4 Fuel injection timing

10.5 Ignition delay

10.6 Equilibration

10.7 Handwheel reading

10.8 Reference fuel No. 1

10.9 Reference fuel No. 2

10.10 Number of blends of reference fuels

10.11 Repeat readings

11 Calculation

11.1

11.2

11.3

12 Expression of results

13 Precision

13.1 Repeatability

13.2 Reproducibility

14 Test report

BS EN ISO 5165:1998

Petroleum products. Determination of the ignition quality of diesel fuels. Cetane engine method

Published:

15 Jul 1998

Withdrawn:

19 Feb 2018