Foreword

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The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular, the different approval criteria needed for the different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives).

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This document was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 211, Geographic information/Geomatics, in close collaboration with the Open Geospatial Consortium (OGC).

This third edition cancels and replaces the second edition (ISO 19111:2007), which has been technically revised. This document also incorporates the provisions of ISO 19111‑2:2009, which is cancelled.

The changes in this edition compared to the previous edition are:

— inclusion of applicable modern geodetic terminology;
— extension to describe dynamic geodetic reference frames;
— extension to describe geoid-based vertical coordinate reference systems;
— extension to allow triaxial ellipsoid for planetary applications;
— extension to describe three-dimensional projected coordinate reference systems;
— addition of 'datum ensembles' to allow grouping of related realizations of a reference frame where for lower accuracy applications the differences are insignificant;
— clarification in the modelling of derived coordinate reference systems;
— remodelling of the metadata elements scope and extent;
— addition of requirements to describe coordinate metadata and the relationship between spatial coordinates;
— additional modelling of temporal coordinate reference system components sufficient for spatio-temporal coordinate referencing;
— consolidation of the provisions of ISO 19111‑2:2009 (Spatial referencing by coordinates — Extension for parametric values) into this document;
— change in name from 'Spatial referencing by coordinates' to 'Referencing by coordinates', due to the inclusion of the non-spatial coordinate reference system subtypes of parametric (from ISO 19111‑2) and temporal;
— the correction of minor errors.

Further details are given in Annex G.

In accordance with the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2, 2018, Rules for the structure and drafting of International Standards, in International Standards the decimal sign is a comma on the line. However the General Conference on Weights and Measures (Conférence Générale des Poids et Mesures) at its meeting in 2003 passed unanimously the following resolution:

“The decimal marker shall be either a point on the line or a comma on the line.”

In practice, the choice between these alternatives depends on customary use in the language concerned. In the technical areas of geodesy and geographic information it is customary for the decimal point always to be used, for all languages. That practice is used throughout this document.

Any feedback or questions on this document should be directed to the user’s national standards body. A complete listing of these bodies can be found at www.iso.org/members.html.

BS EN ISO 19111:2020+A2:2023

Geographic information. Referencing by coordinates

Current

Published:

31 Aug 2023