Foreword

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This document was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 211, Geographic information/Geomatics, in collaboration with the European Committee for Standardization (CEN) Technical Committee CEN/TC 287, Geographic Information, in accordance with the Agreement on technical cooperation between ISO and CEN (Vienna Agreement).

This edition of ISO 19152-2, together with all other parts of the ISO 19152 series, cancels and replaces the first edition (ISO 19152:2012), which has been technically revised.

The main changes are as follows:

— This document defines fundamental terms, basic components, relationships, attributes and constraints for land registration. A detailed overview of the model has been presented in its individual packages.
— The terms, although unchanged in principle, have been defined more rigorously (i.e. administrative source, liminal spatial unit), enriched with examples and notes. Updates in other ISO/TC 211 documents (i.e. definitions, data types) have been reflected, and corresponding adjustments have been made where necessary.
— Requirements to which a land registration system can conform have been formulated.
— This document introduces 13 new (featureType) classes (LA_SurveySource, LA_DesignSource, LA_SurveyRelation, LA_DistanceObservation, LA_LevelObservation, LA_AngularObservation, LA_ImageObservation, LA_TPSObservation, LA_PointCloudObservation, LA_GNSSObservation, LA_GNSSCorrection, LA_GPRObservation, LA_MBESObservation), which are different from ISO 19152:2012. These new classes also include specific attributes. In addition, the attributes of the 3 new (featureType) classes of ISO 19152‑1 (LA_RequiredRelationshipRRR, LA_LegalSpaceCivilEngineeringElement, LA_LegalSpaceParcel) have been introduced into this document. No (featureType) classes originally specified in ISO 19152:2012 have been removed.
— The surveying and representation sub-packages have been refined with types of observation information, such as distance, level, angular, image, terrestrial positioning system (TPS), point cloud, global navigation satellite system (GNSS) and ground-penetrating radar (GPR).
— In order to support all types of spatial units, two new subclasses for LA_SpatialUnit have been introduced: LA_LegalSpaceCivilEngineeringElement and LA_LegalSpaceParcel. An optional geometry attribute has been added to LA_SpatialUnit.
— The LA_LegalSpaceUtilityNetwork (featureType) class has been renamed to LA_LegalSpaceUtilityNetworkElement. LA_UtilityNetworkType code list has been renamed to LA_UtilityNetworkElementType.
— In order to represent topological relationships between spatial units, two new (dataType) classes (i.e. TopoRelation and IntersectionPatternMatrix) have been created and introduced, based on the definition given in ISO 19107. In addition, 3 code lists (i.e. TopoRelationType, DimensionExtension and SetMask) have been introduced based on the definition given in ISO 19107.
— The optional attributes human sex, signature, fingerprint, photo and civil status have been added to LA_Party.
— One multiplicity of an association has been changed so that a point can now be associated with more than one spatial unit.
— The former Annex I has been refined and repositioned as Annex B (normative).
— The former Annex A has been redesigned in accordance with the requirements of the main body of this document.
— A new Annex K and Annex L have been introduced
— The former Annex H and Annex N have been deleted.
— All the other annexes not mentioned have been updated and refined, including notably:
1. — Annex C, which has been refined and extended to support all types of spatial unit representation; and
2. — Annex G, which has been refined and extended to support semantically enriched code list values. Generic definitions for code list values have been provided. Existing code lists have been refined with new values, and 24 new code lists have been introduced (i.e. LA_CivilEngineeringType, LA_ParcelUseType, LA_SurveyPurposeType, LA_AutomationLevelType, LA_PlatformType, LA_SurveyMethodType, LA_ObservationsAccuracyType, LA_LifecyclePhaseType, LA_DesignFileCreatorRoleType, LA_DesignObjectType, LA_SourceFileType, LA_SpatialTransactionType, LA_DistanceType, LA_AngleType, LA_SatelliteSystemType, LA_GNSSSurveyType, LA_GNSSReferenceStationsNetworkType, LA_GNSSReferenceStationsNetworkScale, LA_CorrectionServiceType, LA_GNSSFrequencyType, LA_SSR_Error_Components, TopoRelationType, DimensionExtension and SetMask).
— The bibliography has been revised to include additional references and has been reformatted.

A list of all parts in the ISO 19152 series can be found on the ISO website.

Any feedback or questions on this document should be directed to the user’s national standards body. A complete listing of these bodies can be found at www.iso.org/members.html.

BS EN ISO 19152-2:2025

Geographic information. Land Administration Domain Model (LADM) - Land registration

Current

Published:

30 Jun 2025